Ke khale litapole li nkuoa e le sejalo se tsebahalang haholo se lenngoeng Russia. Nahana ka sengoloeng hore na ke mefuta e fe e molemohali eo u ka e khethang ho fumana kotulo ea boleng bo holimo le e kholo.
Lethathamo la mefuta e metle ea litapole ka alfabeta
Ho na le hoo e ka bang Li-subspecies tse 280 litapole tse ka holisoang libakeng tse fapaneng tsa leholimo. Mefuta e mengata e fumane botumo ba eona tlhahisong ea liindasteri, e meng e ratane le baahi ba lehlabula ho lema sebakeng seo. Ha re nahaneng ka mefuta le mefuta e tsebahalang ka ho fetisisa lenaneng le lenyenyane la alfabeta.
Idaho
Molemo oa eona oa mantlha o kholo, esita le litholoana.
Litšobotsi tse ka sehloohong:
- mefuta e sa tšoaneng ea ho butsoa pele ho nako;
- e hlahisang - 500 c / ha;
- e tsebahalang haholo bakeng sa ho pheha lireschorenteng;
- ho hanyetsa mafu haholo;
- e na le starch e phahameng ho fihlela ho 17%.
Ho lema ho etsoa mathoasong a selemo, ha serame se se se fetile, 'me mocheso o fihla likhato tse 8.
Bela Rosa
Bela Rosa ke ea tummeng ka ho fetesisa libakeng tsa linaha tsa CIS.
Litšobotsi tse ka sehloohong:
- Ho hola kapele, ka boroa, o ka fumana chai e ngata ka nako;
- ka nosetso le phepo e nepahetseng, chai e ngata - 350 c / ha;
- meroho e meholo e bōpehileng joaloka oval (litholoana tse ka bang 200-500gr).
U lokela ho tseba hore e hola hampe mobung ntle le ho fepa. Ho khothalletsoa ho e holisa kamora 'linaoa.
Bokhubelu bo bofubelu
Mefuta e fapaneng ea maDutch ha e tlase ka litšoaneleho tsa eona le ho tsa Belarusian. E khetholloa ka metso e mahareng e nang le litšobotsi tse ntle tsa tatso.
Hangata li sebelisetsoa ho pheha lireschorenteng.
Litšobotsi tse ka sehloohong:
- sehlahla se tlase, se thunya lipalesa tsa lilac;
- mefuta e mengata e ka hlaseloa ke mafu: phytosphorosis le scab;
- litholoana li tšoana le oval oval ka sebopeho;
- lekhapetla le le lefubelu ho isa bopinki bo bopinki;
- makhasi a 'mala oa tranelate;
- e mamella mocheso hantle;
- boima ba lesea le le leng ke ho tloha ho 70-200 dikgerama;
- sehlahleng se le seng ho fihlela ho li-tubers tse 15.
Rosara
Rosara ke ea li-ripening tsa pele ho nako nakong ea matsatsi a 70... E sebelisoa indastering e ncha le ea sejoale-joale bakeng sa ho hlophisa lisebelisoa tse ommeng tse tala.
Litšobotsi tse ka sehloohong:
- makhasi a na le 'mala o mosehla o mosehla;
- ka karolelano, lesea le ka bang boima ba 'mele ka 70-130g;
- sebopeho sa litholoana se motopo, se katolositsoe hanyane;
- e tshwere sebopeho sa yona hantle ka baka la dikahare tsa yona tse tlase tsa setache;
- Khefutsa 500 c / ha.
Picasso
E bua ka mefuta ea litapole tse morao. E hola ka botlalo hamorao Matsatsi a 110-130 kamora ho mela.
Litšobotsi tse ka sehloohong:
- chai e ngata, ho tloha hektareng e le 1 e ka hlaha ho fihlela ho lithane tse 20 litapole;
- 'mala oa li-tubers ke o mosehla o pinki;
- boima ba tholoana e le 'ngoe boa fetoha ho tloha ho 100-150 gr;
- makhasi a 'mala o mosehla o mosehla;
- tatso ea hlolla;
- e tloaetseng ho kula - blight ea morao;
- e phela nako e telele.
Ho lema ho etsoa nakong ea selemo, ha ho se na serame, empa mobu o ntse o le mongobo.
Tuleyevsky
Tuleyevsky o ikamahanya hantle le maemo a leholimo a mangata, o lenngoe ka mafolofolo mapolasing.
Litšobotsi tse ka sehloohong:
- sebopeho sa litholoana se bile se motopo;
- makhasi a bosehla bo bobebe;
- boima ba 'mele oa lesea 100-300 gr.;
- nakong ea ho pheha e boloka sebopeho sa eona hantle;
- e na le tatso e ntle ea litapole;
- ha e hloke ho fepa kamehla le manyolo.
Ho lema ho qala feela kamora hore mobu o futhumale ho fihla ho likhato tse 10. Ha e hloke ho nosetsa. Minus ke ea hae e ke ke ea bolokoa nako e telelekaha e qala ho fela.
Gala
Mofuta oa litapole oa pele-pele oa Jeremane Gala o na le tatso e ntle haholo 'me e khetholloa ka litaba tsa starch e ngata litholoana.
Litšobotsi tse ka sehloohong:
- ho tloha ho 1 na u ka bokella ho fihlela ho 400 kg litapole;
- meroho ea metso e chitja, e nyane ka letlalo le mosehla;
- makhasi a le mosehla o khanyang;
- boima ba litapole ka karolelano 60-130gr;
- e tloaetseng ho hlaseloa ke parasha e ntšo.
E nkoa e le e 'ngoe ea mefuta e metle ka ho fetisisa ea lebasetere.
Li butsoa nakong ea matsatsi a 75, nakong ena litapole li ka kotuloa. U hloka ho lema litapole hang ha mocheso oa moea o fihla likhato tse 10.
Dauphine
Dutch e monate, e nahanoa enngwe ya tse monate haholo motso lijalo tsa litapole.
Litšobotsi tse ka sehloohong:
- ho tloha ho 1 ho bokelloa ho fihlela ho 220 kg kotulo;
- boima ba tuber bo fapana ho tloha ho 150 ho isa ho 350 g;
- litholoana tse ka bang 20 li tsoa sehlahleng se le seng.
Arolelana
Mefuta e fapaneng ka ho fetisisa e loketseng ba batlang ho itemela litapole.
Litšobotsi tse ka sehloohong:
- na le tatso babatsehang;
- e fana ka chai e ngata ho fihlela ho 390 kg ka hektare;
- Boima ba tuber bo fihla 400 g;
- Mefuta ea lihlahla e phahame, e matla ho fihlela ho cm 80;
- phehiloe hantle nakong ea ho pheha;
- e hanela mafu a kang phori le hlobo.
Nevsky
Ho na le mefuta e fapaneng ea Nevsky mabapi le nako ea ho butsoa. E nkoa e le ea maemo a holimo, e hola hantle maemong afe kapa afe.
Litšobotsi tse ka sehloohong:
- Khefutsa ho fihlela ho 350 kg ho tloha ho lekholo;
- bakeng sa ho lema, o hloka ho khetha li-tubers tse sa hlahang, kamora ho mela, lema tse nang le makhasi a makhuts'oane;
- Li-tubers tse nang le limela tse telele ha li amohelehe bakeng sa ho jala;
- e bua ka bohareng ba nako;
- ho butsoa ho etsahala ka matsatsi a 75-90;
- sebopeho se motopo, se letlalo le bosehla bo bosehla le nama e boreleli;
- rata mofuthu, ka hona ho kgothaletswa ho lema ha serame se fetile.
Latona
E nkoa e le kamore ea ho jela e butsoang kapele.
Ka letsatsi la 45, o se o ntse o ka fumana kotulo ea pele, empa ka kakaretso nako ea kotulo ke Letsatsi la 70-75.
Litšobotsi tse ka sehloohong:
- sehlahleng se seng le se seng u ka bokella 2 kg litholoana;
- e hanyetsanang le maemo a leholimo, e mamella lipalangoang hantle;
- hoo e batlang e le ho itšireletsa mafung, ho na le monyetla oa ho tšoaetsoa ke lefu la morao le mafu a vaerase;
- makhasi a soeufetse;
- hloka tlhokomelo, nosetsang, manyolo;
- e lula hantle nakong ea mariha.
Lehlohonolo
E bua ka batho ba phahameng sechabeng bao hloka tlhokomelo e khethehileng... Haeba u latela melao eohle, u ka bokella ho fihlela ho 950 c / ha.
Litšobotsi tse ka sehloohong:
- boima ba tuber 170 g;
- e bolela bohareng ba sehla (ka karolelano matsatsi a 90);
- Ho fihlela li-kg tse 15 tsa lijalo tsa motso li ka bokelloa morung;
- e mamella mariha hantle ebile e lula hantle nako e telele.
Adretta
E hlahisitsoe ke bahlahisi Jeremane lilemo tse 25 tse fetileng. Ho fihlela joale, re ratoa ke li-gourmets ka lebaka la tatso ea eona e ntle.
Litšobotsi tse ka sehloohong:
- lekhapetleng le na le 'mala o mosehla, o mosesaane hanyane ha o ka ts'oaroa;
- nama e ka ba bosehla bo bobebe kapa bosehla bo tebileng;
- sebopeho sa semela sa motso se chitja ka oval;
- boima ba 'mele ba fetal 140 gr.;
- mefuta-futa e ka lengoa mobung o bulehileng qetellong ea Mmesa, e phatlalatsoa ke methapo;
- ho butsoa ka botlalo ho etsahala matsatsing a 65-80;
- e fanang haholo, ho tloha ho hektare e le 1 eo u ka e fumanang ho fihlela ho lithane tse 45.
Felox
Ke ea mathole a mathoasong, a mamellang mocheso ka mokhoa o phethahetseng le liphetoho ka tšohanyetso mochesong.
Li-subspecies tsena li ka fumaneha libakeng tsohle tsa Russia.
Litšobotsi tse ka sehloohong:
- motso meroho boima fapana ho tloha ho 80 ho isa ho 200 gr;
- lekhapetleng le na le 'mala o mosehla o mosehla;
- makhasi a bosehla bo bobebe;
- pele o lema, ho kgothaletswa ho e sebetsana le sulfate ea koporo;
- e na le starch e phahameng ho fihlela ho 17%;
- kotuloa ho tsoa hektareng e le 'ngoe Litsi tse 250 litapole;
- Ho lema ho etsoa mathoasong a Mots'eanong.
Sprint
Litapole tse butsoitseng tsa pele li na le tatso e monate.
Litšobotsi tse ka sehloohong:
- tholoana e motopo o molelele;
- lekhapetleng le mosehla, makhasi ke tranelate e bobebe;
- tuber e boima bo ka bang 80-200 gr;
- e na le starch e phahameng ho fihlela ho 17%;
- ho na le monyetla oa ho tšoaetsoa ke blight ea morao;
- Khefutsa 300 c / ha.
Ho hlaka ha litapole ho ntlafala haeba li na le starch e ngata. O ka susumetsa tatso ea litholoana ka tlhokomelo e nepahetseng: nosetsang, ho nontša.
Mefuta ea litapole
Mefuta e fapaneng ea litapole e loketse eseng bakeng sa libaka tsohle tsa Russia... Le ha boholo ba bona bo tloaelane le libaka tse futhumetseng, ho na le mefuta e loketseng Russia bohareng le Siberia.
Hape, litapole li fapana ka moriti oa makhasi, litšoaneleho tsa tatso, linako tsa ho butsoa. Ho ipapisitsoe le sena, li ka aroloa ka tsela e latelang:
Kemiso ea mefuta ka mefuta ka kholo
Boemo ba sebaka | Mabitso a sa tšoaneng |
Bakeng sa Russia bohareng | Nevsky, Felox, Sprint, Latona, Red Scarlet, Picasso |
Bakeng sa sebaka sa Moscow | Tuleyevsky, Gala, Nevsky, Lehlohonolo, Sprint, Pai, Dauphine, Idaho, Bela Rosa, Rosara |
Bakeng sa Siberia | Adretta, Lehlohonolo, Sekareleta, Tuleevsky, Nevsky |
Mefuta ka kuno
Litapole tse khubelu tse nang le 'mele o mosehla | Bela Rosa, Red Scarlet, Rosara |
Mefuta e lokolohileng | Idaho, Pye |
Ho inehela haholo | Rosara, Adretta, Lehlohonolo |
Litapole tse pinki | Picasso |
Bosehla ba litapole | Idaho, Tuleyevsky, Gala, Sprint, Felox |
Mokhahlelo o butsoang
Nako e bohareng | Matsatsi a 50-60 | Idaho, Bela Rosa, Rosara, Red Scarlet |
Bohareng ba sehla | Matsatsi a 80-95 | Latona, Lehlohonolo |
Bohareng ba mantsiboea | Matsatsi a 95-100 | Atlant, Nevsky |
Nako e morao | Likhoeli tse 4 | Picasso |
Mefuta eohle ea litapole tse kaholimo e na le litšobotsi tse ntle le tatso. Boholo ba tsona bo hanela mafu mme bo hlahisa chai e ngata.